The growth rate and weight of fungus in grams were measured every three days. Biodegradation - PetroWiki The ePub format uses eBook readers, which have several "ease of reading" features Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). Characterization and properties of the biosurfactant produced by. Deep-Sea Res II Top Stud Oceanogr 129:282291. Biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons in oily sludge: a Biodegrad. The incidences of isolated fungi in PDA cultures were 26.67% and 13.33% in the soil samples from Al Faisaliyyah and Ghubairah, respectively. The main goal of the current study was to isolate and recognize D. spicifera communities and examine their ability to employ different hydrocarbons as a distinct carbon source, proving its biodegradation capabilities. Used oil (5.59 g), diesel (4.03 g), crude oil (3.42 g), and kerosene (2.24 g) showed significant increases in the dry weight of D. spicifera after 30 days of incubation (p < 0.001). Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (, The DCPIP colorimetric analysis, expressed in a.u. 2022 Sep 21;13:998076. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.998076. Using the CFSzinc sulfate method, but for the CFSammonium sulfate mixture, the precipitate was extracted by acetone, isolated and dried under a fume hood. In the current study, the oxidizing effects of D. spicifera caused a decolorization of the DCPIP redox dye, indicating the biodegradation of different hydrocarbons (Supplementary Figure S1). In the current study, D. spicifera was isolated from contaminated crude oil reservoirs in Al Faisaliyyah and Ghubairah districts, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1507380112, Kleindienst S, Paul JH, Joye SB (2015b) Using dispersants after oil spills: impacts on the composition and activity of microbial communities. Rufino R.D., De Luna J.M., De Campos Takaki G.M., Sarubbo L.A. The decomposition Of major condensation polymers (e.g. The results of DCPIP show that the highest oxidation (0.736 a.u.) Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Somee MR, Amoozegar MA, Dastgheib SMM, Shavandi M, Maman LG, Bertilsson S, Mehrshad M. BMC Genomics. Pathogens. 2016 Dec;222:195-201. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.006. Microbiol. In the current study, the D. spicifera strain was isolated from contaminated soil samples. Conventional landfarming approaches to bioremediation of refinery and other petroleum sludges are not acceptable environmentally and are banned in most North American jurisdictions. 2015 Aug;71(2):220-8. doi: 10.1007/s00284-015-0825-7. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-010-0301-z, Timmers PHA, Gieteling J, Widjaja-Greefkes HCA, Plugge CM, Stams AJM, Lens PNL, Meulepas RJW (2015) Growth of anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria in a high-pressure membrane capsule bioreactor. Comparison with the untreated control showed an increase of the DCPIP color absorbance at 450 nm in all tested hydrocarbons (Table 2). Dell Anno F., Rastelli E., Sansone C., Brunet C., Ianora A., DellAnno A. Bacteria, Fungi and Microalgae for the Bioremediation of Marine Sediments Contaminated by Petroleum Hydrocarbons in the Omics Era. Petroleum hydrocarbons utilizing microorganisms are ubiquitously distributed in environment. The results indicate the formation of clear zones surrounding the colonies of D. spicifera. Deep Oil Spills. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Similarly, the solvent extraction assay showed that crude oil was the highest (5.25 g), followed by used oil (4.66 g), where the lowest production was for mixed oil (1.53 g). [59] reported that Chloroflexi harbors genes for anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation and can utilize hydrogen during hydrocarbon degradation. Before The hydrocarbon tolerance was tested in liquid MSM medium (Figure 2). Al-Hawash A.B., Alkooranee J.T., Abbood H.A., Zhang J., Sun J., Zhang X., Ma F. Isolation and characterization of two crude oil-degrading fungi strains from Rumaila oil field, Iraq. at 450 nm, of D. spicifera treated with different hydrocarbons. Epub 2015 Apr 28. Synergistic ex-situ biodegradation of crude oil by halotolerant bacterial consortium of indigenous strains isolated from on shore sites of Gujarat, India. 2003).However, little is known about the fate of hydrocarbons in hypersaline environments (Castillo-Carvajal et al. Identification of cultivable bacterial strains producing biosurfactants/bioemulsifiers isolated from an Algerian oil refinery. (A) DCPIP with different oil sources, without D. spicifera, as a control, (B) DCPIP with different oil sources and D. spicifera, Figure S2: Emulsification test of different hydrocarbons. J Biosci Bioeng. Part of Springer Nature. Epub 2010 Jul 15. We used hydrocarbon tolerance, scanning electron microscopy, DCPIP, drop-collapse, emulsification activity, recovery of biosurfactants, and germination assays to assess the biodegradation characteristics of the D. spicifera against kerosene, crude, diesel, used, and mixed oils. The mixture was homogenized for five hours at 200 rpm (30 C). Cell 172(6):13361336.e1331. Low-temperature thermal-enhanced anoxic biodegradation of polycyclic Contrasting physiological mechanisms were observed for different component organisms of the mixed culture with respect to their associations with the hydrocarbon substrate; and the beneficial effects of using surfactants were demonstrated. Mar Pollut Bull 108(1):113119. Nat Rev Microbiol 4(3):17, Head IM, Gray ND, Larter SR (2014) Life in the slow lane; biogeochemistry of biodegraded petroleum containing reservoirs and implications for energy recovery and carbon management. Nat Geosci 7(6):423427. 16.6B: Petroleum Biodegradation - Biology LibreTexts The results show variable mixing of tested oils with cell free supernatant (CFS), indicating an increase in their emulsification. Specifically, bacteria are considered primary degraders and the most active agents in petroleum pollutant degradation [2,6]. 2019 Jan;26(2):1834-1847. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-3718-z. Epub 2020 Jan 25. In the current study, D. spicifera increased the emulsification of the different hydrocarbons used. 2020 May;129(5):603-612. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2019.12.001. Microbial Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons Biodegradation of HCS is a complex process depending on: the nature Amount of the hydrocarbons present Petroleum HCS divided into four classes: The alephatics The aromatics The asphaltenes (phenols, fatty acids, ketones, esters, and porphyrins), And the resins (pyridines, quinolines, carbazoles, sulfoxides, and amides In this process, up to 99% of total petroleum hydrocarbons are degraded and the sludges are converted from hazardous to non-hazardous according to the United States EPA's toxicity characteristic leachate procedure criteria. J Hazard Mater. Their large-scale production can be achieved under severe environmental conditions, such as stress [9]. The most significant characteristic of a potential hydrocarbon degrader is the ability to produce microbial biosurfactants, which compromise a mixture of organic (proteins, fatty acids, exopolysaccharides, and amino acids) and inorganic components [33]. stimulate the germinations of maize, lupine, pea, mustard, and oat seeds [42]. . 1997 Jan;43(1):17-22 Muhonja C.N., Makonde H., Magoma G., Imbuga M. Biodegradability of polyethylene by bacteria and fungi from Dandora dumpsite Nairobi-Kenya. oil), polychlorinated biphenyls (pcbs), polyaromatic hydrocarbons (pahs), heterocyclic The site is secure. The ePub format is best viewed in the iBooks reader. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199697, Kimes NE, Callaghan AV, Suflita JM, Morris PJ (2014) Microbial transformation of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill past, present, and future perspectives. For example, Fe (III) can be used as an electron . The identification of the isolated strain was confirmed microscopically in the Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Reyes-Csar A, Absaln E, Fernndez FJ, Gonzlez JM, Corts-Espinosa DV. In the current study, the ability of biosurfactants produced by D. spicifera to increase the oil emulsification was tested [55]. Sci Rep 9(1):1239, Sibert R, Harrison S, Joye SB (2017) Protocols for radiotracer estimation of primary hydrocarbon oxidation in oxygenated seawater. R.I.A. The percentage of germination was calculated as follows: where G (t) is the number of seeds germinated CFS and G (c) is the number of seeds germinated in the control. Another Indian study has revealed the ability of biosurfactants produced by Bacillus subtilis (4.85 g/L) to degrade 97% of crude oil samples, which was explained by the synthesis of the bio-degradative enzymes of alkane hydroxylase and alcohol dehydrogenase [38]. Paza G.A., Zjawiony I., Banat I.M. Additional attenuation due to biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon vapours have been reported to vary from 1 (i.e., no change) to many orders of magnitude, depending on the depth to the source of vapours, the concentration resident in the source zone, and the potential for oxygen ingress. -, J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 69:410424, Orcutt BN, Joye SB, Kleindienst S, Knittel K, Ramette A, Reitz A, Samarkin V, Treude T, Boetius A (2010) Impact of natural oil and higher hydrocarbons on microbial diversity, distribution, and activity in Gulf of Mexico cold-seep sediments. Biodegradation of hydrocarbons in the environment is the natural way of cleaning the nature. J. Mol. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Biodegradation of hydrocarbons can occur under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, it is the case for the nitrate reducing bacterial strains Pseudomonas sp. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-11605-7_7, Shipping restrictions may apply, check to see if you are impacted, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ancene.2016.01.006, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02475-9, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-2920.2010.02213.x, http://www.nature.com/ngeo/journal/v4/n3/abs/ngeo1067.html#supplementary-information, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2018.02.059, https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.70.2.1231-1233.2004, https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010814-015543, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.04.044, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2017.05.019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00792-010-0301-z, https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2347896, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.01.014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.11.103, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. Elshafie A., AlKindi A.Y., Al-Busaidi S., Bakheit C., Albahry S. Biodegradation of crude oil and n-alkanes by fungi isolated from Oman. Growth responses of. Accelerated biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbon waste Currently, the bioremediation of petroleum hydrocarbons employs microbial biosurfactants because of their public acceptability, biological safety, and low cost. The production of biosurfactant by . Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Limnol Oceanogr Methods 9(10):499506. eCollection 2022. Annu Rev Mar Sci 7:377401. An official website of the United States government. Al-Nasrawi H. Biodegradation of crude oil by fungi isolated from Gulf of Mexico. Ivshina IB, Kuyukina MS, Krivoruchko AV, Tyumina EA. A white-colored precipitate was formed at the tubes bottom, which was isolated, dried, and weighed. PLoS One 10:124, Camilli R, Reddy CM, Yoerger DR, Van Mooy BAS, Jakuba MV, Kinsey JC, McIntyre CP, Sylva SP, Maloney JV (2010) Tracking hydrocarbon plume transport and biodegradation at Deepwater Horizon. Liquid media (MSM) containing 1% of various oil sources; 0.1% (v/v) of Tween 80, and 0.6 mg/mL of redox indicator (DCPIP). Understanding and exploiting mechanisms to improve hydrocarbon accession to the degrading microorganisms was a key development component of the process. Degradation of crude oil by mixed cultures of bacteria isolated from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau and comparative analysis of metabolic mechanisms. Consequently, many soils are low in microbial diversity and abundance. Microbial Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon Contaminants - Hindawi Would you like email updates of new search results? The ability of D. spicifera to tolerate effects of different hydrocarbons in liquid medium. The colorimetric analysis of treated flasks of D. spicifera was screened every three days until 15 days (Figure 4A). doi: 10.20546/ijcmas.2016.505.069. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help That might encourage further research to demonstrate its application in the cleaning of large, contaminated areas. Wicklow D.T., Whittingham W.F. Australian and overseas data from studies in and https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1195979, Head IM, Jones DM, Rling WF (2006) Marine microorganisms make a meal of oil. and R.I.A. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by psychrotrophic Pseudomonas strains possessing both alkane (alk) and naphthalene (nah) catabolic pathways. Enhanced bioremediation of oil spills in the sea. Biodegradation of different petroleum hydrocarbons by free and (A) MSM media without any treatments (control), (B) crude oil, (C) used oil, (D) diesel, (E) kerosene, (F) mixed oil, (G) real-time measurement of the fungal growth in grams with different treatments, (H) comparison of the D. spicifera dry weight in grams after 30 days. only a limited quantity of hydrocarbon substrates. Obuekwe C.O., Badrudeen A.M., Al-Saleh E., Mulder J.L. Germination assay of D. spicifera. Springer, Cham, Rahsepar S, Smit MPJ, Murk AJ, Rijnaarts HHM, Langenhoff AAM (2016) Chemical dispersants: oil biodegradation friend or foe? This site needs JavaScript to work properly. They naturally biodegrade pollutants and thereby remove them from the environment. Mycobiota Associated with Imported Seeds of Vegetable Crops in Sudan. Therefore, in this work, petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation to methane was modelled in only one step, according with the reaction presented in Table S1, admitting that methanogenesis is the limiting step. Mar Pollut Bull 111(1):354357, Prince RC, Butler JD, Redman AD (2017) The rate of crude oil biodegradation in the sea. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Solvent naphtha, petroleum, heavy arom. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. https://doi.org/10.1159/000441358, Nguyen UT, Lincoln SA, Jurez AGV, Schedler M, Macalady JL, Mller R, Freeman KH (2018) The influence of pressure on crude oil biodegradation in shallow and deep Gulf of Mexico sediments. Extremophiles 14(2):225231. Development of bioreactors for comparative study of natural attenuation, biostimulation, and bioaugmentation of petroleum-hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Growth and hydrocarbon degradation by three desert fungi under conditions of simultaneous temperature and salt stress. Rapid break down of molecules of hydrocarbons in water, soil, carpets, brick paving, concrete and beaches. The healthy fungi had a lean and homogeneous appearance with a wrinkled surface and intact structure (Figure 3A,B). 2022 Oct 6;23(1):690. doi: 10.1186/s12864-022-08906-w. Guergouri I, Guergouri M, Khouni S, Benhizia Y. Arch Microbiol. In many cases, petroleum-contaminated soil is deficient in nutrients, enriched with other contaminants such as salts, and may have poor structure and water-holding capacity. Hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria are widely distributed in marine, freshwater, soil habitats and their use in bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils, which exploits their ability to degrade and/or detoxify organic contaminants, has been established as an efficient, economical, versatile and environmentally sound treatment [2]. How does biodegradation work? - agils.keystoneuniformcap.com Curr Microbiol. A drop diameter of at least 0.5 mm was considered positive (+), where the drops larger than those produced by distilled water and by culture medium was considered negative. Biotechnol Bioeng:105. https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.22553, Dubinsky EA, Conrad ME, Chakraborty R, Bill M, Borglin SE, Hollibaugh JT, Mason OU, M. Piceno Y, Reid FC, Stringfellow WT, Tom LM (2013) Succession of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the aftermath of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Epub 2013 Nov 24. Bagby SC, Reddy CM, Aeppli C, Fisher GB, Valentine DL (2017) Persistence and biodegradation of oil at the ocean floor following Deepwater Horizon. Another study concluded that the culture supernatant of Trichosporon asahii (yeast), when inoculated with diesel oil, produced a clear zone [26]. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Biodegradation; Crude oil; Enzymes; Oil spill; Oleophilic; Petroleum hydrocarbons. These findings highlight the biodegradation ability of D. spicifera, which has been proven in the use of petroleum oils as the sole source of carbon. 2021 Aug 2;10(8):974. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10080974. MeSH Pilot-scale biodegradation of hydrocarbons in petroleum . Is biodegradation the same as decomposition? Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. But at the core, reaction occurring at molecular level are oxidation and hydrolysis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. Biodegradation alone can include a lot of the -. Briefly, MSM culture media was mixed with 1% of one of the tested hydrocarbons in addition to 0.1% Tween 80 and DCPIP (0.6 mg/mL). microbial biodegradation is the use of bioremediation and biotransformation methods to harness the naturally occurring ability of microbial xenobiotic metabolism to degrade, transform or accumulate environmental pollutants, including hydrocarbons (e.g. Marine Oil-Degrading Microorganisms and Biodegradation Process of Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Marine Environments: A Review. We used hydrocarbon tolerance, scanning electron microscopy, DCPIP, drop-collapse, emulsification activity, recovery of biosurfactants, and germination assays to assess the biodegradation characteristics of the D. spicifera against kerosene, crude, diesel, used, and mixed oils. Trindade PV, Sobral LG, Rizzo AC, Leite SG, Soriano AU. Microbial Degradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Factors Influencing In particular, hydrostatic pressure is a key environmental parameter that has been largely overlooked in biodegradation studies, due to methodological challenges and the difficulty to obtain samples. The influence of biopreparation on seed germination and growth. Karthik L., Kumar G., Rao K.V.B. (A) MSM media without any treatments (control), (B) crude oil, (C) used oil, (D) diesel, (E) kerosene, (F) mixed oil, and (G) DIR percentages of different treatments. 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Bioremediation of crude oil-contaminated soil: comparison of different biostimulation and bioaugmentation treatments. Biodegradation of BTEX and Other Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Enhanced and Oil spills occur due to accidents in the industry as a result of extraction or transportation. The growth of D. spicifera was tested in liquid MSM media for 30 days in the presence of 1% of different hydrocarbons. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine In the CFSzinc sulfate mixture, a light-brown precipitate was formed, isolated, dried and weighed. and N.M. contributed to the data analysis and manuscript preparation. Furthermore, the biosurfactants stimulated the germination of tomato seeds by more than 50% compared to the control. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2347896, Xie Z, Jian H, Jin Z, Xiao X (2018) Enhancing the adaptability of the deep-sea bacterium Shewanella piezotolerans WP3 to high pressure and low temperature by experimental evolution under H2O2 stress. Generating an ePub file may take a long time, please be patient. The site is secure. The efficiencies of free and immobilized microbial consortia in the degradation of different types of petroleum hydrocarbons were investigated. Finally, to test the toxic effects of biosurfactants produced by D. spicifera, their germination activity was explored using tomato seeds for twenty days. Removal of petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants from environment by applying oleophilic microorganisms (individual isolate/consortium of microorganisms) is ecofriendly and economic. The effects of microbial biosurfactants on the biodegradation of different hydrocarbons from different countries have been well studied, however, almost no studies have been conducted about D. spicifera in Saudi Arabia. Rev Argent Microbiol. Advances in research on petroleum biodegradability in soil Fathepure B.Z. Briefly, a tube of 2 mL of each oil was mixed with the same volume of CFS, prepared as described above. Int. Nat Geosci 4(3):160164. They can be biodegraded by naturally-occurring microorganisms in freshwater and marine environments under a variety of aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Ecological aspects of microbial degradation of petroleum in the marine environment. Chen YA, Grace Liu PW, Whang LM, Wu YJ, Cheng SS. This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. 1997 Oct;19(4):232-8 The morphological characteristics of D. spicifera were investigated by SEM according to the methodology described by Al-Otibi et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1195223, Case DH, Ijiri A, Morono Y, Tavormina P, Orphan VJ, Inagaki F (2017) Aerobic and anaerobic methanotrophic communities associated with methane hydrates exposed on the seafloor: a high-pressure sampling and stable isotope-incubation experiment. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. the display of certain parts of an article in other eReaders. F.A.-O. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Sci Rep 7(1):2253. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-02475-9, Grossi V, Yakimov MM, Ali BA, Tapilatu Y, Cuny P, Goutx M, LaCono V, Giuliano L, Tamburini C (2010) Hydrostatic pressure affects membrane and storage lipid compositions of the piezotolerant hydrocarbon-degrading Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus strain #5. The ability of D. spicifera to tolerate effects of different hydrocarbons in solid, The ability of D. spicifera to tolerate effects of different hydrocarbons in liquid, SEM imaging results of D. spicifera . Cytochrome P450 enzyme systems were found to be involved in biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons (Table 1) (Zimmer et al., 1996). Front Microbiol 7:2131, Marietou A, Chastain R, Beulig F, Scoma A, Hazen TC, Bartlett DH (2018) The effect of hydrostatic pressure on enrichments of hydrocarbon degrading microbes from the Gulf of Mexico following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. Science 330(6001):201204. We are experimenting with display styles that make it easier to read articles in PMC. ISME J 8(7):14641475, McNutt MK, Camilli R, Crone TJ, Guthrie GD, Hsieh PA, Ryerson TB, Savas O, Shaffer F (2012) Review of flow rate estimates of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. [25]. All statistical analysis results and raw data are available on request from the corresponding author. In order to resolve the issue of increased costs and limited efficiency of conventional physicochemical methods, alternative technologies for in situ applications have developed, specifically, techniques based on the biological remediation capacity of plants and microorganisms [1,3]. The dry weight of bio-surfactants in the settings of crude oil was the highest (4.3 g), followed by used oil (3.78 g), where the lowest production was for mixed oil (1.52 g). When the nitrogen source was excluded from the batch cultures, hydrocarbon biodegradation dropped to 45% within 7 days. The half-lives of the hydrocarbons remaining in soil in the field-operated bioreactor were 105 d for both the heating alone and the heating and forced aeration treatments, 182 d for the forced aeration treatment and . Dombrowski et al. The ability of D. spicifera to tolerate effects of different hydrocarbons in solid medium. The fungal growth was tested in solid medium of MSM supplemented with 1% of different hydrocarbons. Cleaning up of these pollutants from environment is a real world problem. Two other methods, the ammonium sulfate and zinc sulfate precipitation assays, were also used. Biodegradable plastics are made from the same materials as conventional petroleum based plastics, but with even more chemicals. Bioremediation involves the use of microorganisms to clean pollutants by degrading or detoxifying organic contaminated areas. These organisms can degrade or detoxify organic-contaminated areas, such as marine ecosystems. Satpute S.K., Bhawsar B.D., Dhakephalkar P.K., Chopade B.A. This is the key process by which biodegradable . Biodegradation is the action of microorganisms to decompose a substance into its constituent elements or new compounds. (PDF) Biodegradation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons and The Factors Proc Natl Acad Sci 112(48). All experiments were compared with a negative control in which the CFSs were replaced with distilled water.
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